Prevalence

How Common is Autism?

The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder has been more widely recognized in recent years, thanks to increased awareness and improved diagnostic methods.

Global and Regional Statistics:

• In the United States: About 1 in 44 children identified with ASD (2021 CDC data).
• Gender Differences: ASD is almost 5 times more common in boys (1 in 42) than in girls (1 in 189). Girls may be underdiagnosed.
• In Nepal: Estimated 250,000–300,000 persons with autism; 60,000–90,000 severely
• Universal Condition: Autism occurs in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups

What Causes Autism?

There is no single known cause of autism. Research strongly suggests that it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that influence early brain development.

Known Risk Factors:

• Genetics: Sibling risk 15-20%.
• Premature birth or low birth
• Infections during pregnancy (e.g., rubella).
• Alcohol use during
• Head injury during

These are risk factors, not direct causes. Most children with these risk factors will not develop autism.